Sustainable Agriculture Methods for Adoptation and Mitigation to climate change

Affect of climate change	Methods in CMSA
Increased droughts and floods	Mulching
	Conservative / dead furrow
	- Crop diversity/ poly cropping - With improved soil organic matter absorption of      rain water and lower runoffs      - Healthy, robust plants
Extreme temperatures and diurnal variations	Multistoried cropping based on photo candle light requirement and leaf mulch on soil
Increased incidence of pests and diseases	- Building of improved pest ecology with        proliferation of beneficial insects                    -  Managing pests by understanding life cycles    Crop diversity - Lower application of Urea etc makes plants less        prone
Decline in water resources	- Rain water harvesting – Farm ponds - Selection of low water requirement crops - Bund plantation – Acts as wind breaks develops         micro climate and reduces evaporation - In situ moisture conservation - SRI in Paddy
Increased risk	Crop diversity – Spreading risk Increased yield frequency Agro forestry
Soil nutrient depletion due to high temperatures	- Soil fertility management by monocot/dicot crop         combinations - Mulching - Azolla in Paddy - Creating enabling atmosphere for local deep          borrowing earth worm - Dung based inoculants - Recycling of biomass - In situ Soil fertility management - Tank silt application - Green manure crops - Green leaf manure
Increased weed problems	Weed as source of mulching
GHG emissions	SRI in Paddy Using biomass for composting rather than burning Eliminating chemical fertilizer usage Aerobic composting methods like NADEP
Energy use	Animal power or human power No machinery using fossil fuels Low or no fossil fuels Zero tillage
Increased Co2 in atmosphere	Bund plantation of green leaf manure and other plants