Root Intensification Technologies for Different Crops

What is System of Wheat Intensification (SWI):

SWI is not SRI in Wheat. SWI is a different set of agronomic practices in Wheat. In SWI, practices like seed rate, sowing of seeds at proper spacing, control of water in the main field, weeding / hoeing are modified to ensure higher ratios of tillers to mother seedling, increased number of effective tillers / hill, enhanced panicle length and bolder grains, or in short enhanced yield of wheat.

The Methodology of SWI:

Seed Selection and treatment:

 Farmers need to start with a fresh stock. The seeds are dipped in hot water at 60 degree Celsius in order to sort out the bold grains that settle down. Seed treatment with cow urine and fungicide is mandatory.

Seed Sowing & Depth of seed sowing:

Seed sowing in time (15^th November to 15^th December) and the depth of seed sowing should be 1-1.5 inch.

Direct sowing of treated seeds in main field:

For SWI direct seeding of wheat is recommended at 1 to 1.5 inches depth in a tilled land. Two seeds are dibbed at one place so that birds and other predators not cause losses. At least one seed germinate properly.

Spacing:

Wider spacing of 20 cm Row-to-Row and also 20 cm seed to seed are given to allow profuse tillering in latter stages.

Weeding and hoeing:

Hoeing and weeding is recommended for 3 times during the growth phases of wheat at 20, 30 and 40 Days after sowing.

System of Root Intensification in Rapeseed  :

The lower seed rate, seed grading & treatment, young age seedlings, wider spacing, single seedling transplantation, organic manuring and inter-cultivation cum weeding will lead to 50-90% yield enhancement.

System of Root Intensification in Moong (Green Gram) :

The lower seed rate, seed grading & treatment, sowing with wider spacing & weeding will lead to 50-90% yield enhancement.

System of Root Intensification in Tomato, Brinjal & Chilli :

The seeds are treated with cow urine, warm water, vermi-compost, jaggery, trichoderma and the germinated or wet seeds are sown in in nursery at 2 inches at either side of spacing. Organic environment is made in nurseries and seeds are sown at proper spacing. Compost and soils are treated with trichoderma. Every care is taken to minimize the shock by taking seedlings attached with soils. Then 8-12 days old young seedlings are uprooted carefully and transplanted in main field. Shallow transplanting is done. One feet deep and 0.5 feet diameter pit is made to provide conducive environment for intensification of roots. The farmers should provide favorable environment for the profuse root growth and shoot growth is outcome of attention on roots.  Proper irrigation channels are made to facilitate aeration in roots and 2-3 inter cultural operation is done by using SRI-Rabi weeder. The productivity enhancement is around 40-85%.

System of Root Intensification in Ladies Finger :  

The Lower seed rate, seed grading & treatment, young age seedling transplantation, wider spacing & weeding, better environment for root zone enhances 45-90% of yield increase.

System of Root Intensification in Ridge Gourd :  

The Lower seed rate, seed grading & treatment, young age seedling transplantation, wider spacing & weeding, better environment for root zone enhances 45-90% of yield increase.

System of Root Intensification in Cauliflower :  

The Lower seed rate, seed grading & treatment, young age seedling transplantation, wider spacing & weeding, better environment for root zone enhances 45-90% of yield increase.

Arhar in Bunds :

The arhar crops will be grown in the bunds of the plots and the yield will be around 1 quintal in 0.5 acres of bund.

Machan Bidhi Bottle Gourd & Bitter Gourd through System of Root Intensification (SRI)

Machan is made particularly in Kharif. It prevents rotting of fruits. It also facilitates fruiting in plants. The Seeds are treated with cow urine, warm water, vermi-compost, jaggery and trichoderma. Germinated and wet seeds are sown in field and shallow sowing of germinated seeds is ensured. Organic environment is made in nurseries and seeds are sown at proper spacing. Compost and soils are treated with trichoderma and sunlight, air, moisture are facilitated due to wider spacing. Then 8-12 days old young seedlings are uprooted carefully and transplanted in main field. Shallow transplanting is done. Two feet deep and 1.5 feet diameter pit is made to provide conducive environment for intensification of roots. The farmers should provide favorable environment for the profuse root growth and shoot growth is outcome of attention on roots.  Proper irrigation channels are made to facilitate aeration in roots and 2-3 inter cultural operation is done by using SRI-Rabi weeder. The productivity enhancement is around 40-85%.